Review for Test #1
Main Concepts from HTML 01 - HTML 07
- HTML and CSSare the languages we use to create Web pages.
- Web servers store and serve Web pages, which are created from HTML and CSS. Browsers retrieve pages and render their content based on the HTML and CSS.
- HTML is an abbreviation for HyperText Markup language and is used to structure your Web page.
- CSS is an abbreviation for Cascading Style Sheets, and is used to control the presentation of your HTML.
- Using HTML we mark up content with tags to provide structuyre. We call matching tags, and their enclosed content, elements.
- An element is composed of three parts: an opening tag, content and a closing tag. There are a few elements, like <img>, that are an exception to this rule.
- Opening tags can have attributes. we've seen a couple: type and align.
- Closing tags have a "/" after the left angle bracket, in front of the tag name to distinguish them as closing tags.
- Your pages should always have an <html> element along with a <head> element and a <body> element.
- Information about the Web page goes into the <head> element.
- What you put into the <body> element is what you see in the browser.
- Most whitespace (tabs, retruns, spaces) are ignored by the browser, but you can use these to make your HTML more readable (to you).
- CSS can be added to an HTML Web page by putting the CSS rules inside the <style> element. The <style> element should always be inside the <head> element.
- You specify the style characteristics of the elements in your HTML using CSS.
- When you want to link from one page to another, use the <a> element.
- The href attribute of the <a> element specifies the destination of the link.
- The content of the <a> element is the label for the link. The label is what you see on the Web page. By default, it's underlined to indicate that you can click on it.
- You can use words or an image as the label for a link.
- When you click on a link, the browser loads the Web page that's specified in the href attribute.
- You can link to files in the same folder, or files in other folders.
- A relative path is a link that points to otehr files on your Web site realtive to the Web page you're linking from. Just like on a map, the destination is realtive to the starting point.
- Use ".." to link to a file that's one folder above the file you're linking from.
- ".." means "parent folder".
- Remember to separate the parts of your path with the "/" character.
- When your path to an image is incorrect, you'll see a broken image on your Web page.
- Don't use spaces in names when you're choosing names for files and folders on your Web site.
- It's a good idea to organize your Web site files early on in the process of building your site, so you don't have to change a bunch of paths later when the Web site grows.
- There are many ways to organize a Web site; how you do it is up to you.
Source: "Head First HTML: with CSS & XHTML" by Elisabeth Freeman and Eric Freeman
